Terumah 5: The arrangement of the sacred space

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A la cinquena alià de la paraixà d’aquesta setmana, després d’informar-nos d’on es situarà l’arca del testimoni, la Torah ens diu que caldrà fer una partició, un «parohet» i el lloc on anirà. I que servirà de partició entre el kodeix-hakodaixim, on estarà l’arca, i el kodeix, la part interior del Tabernacle: «Tu penjaràs el vel sota els ganxos, i portaràs l’arca del Testimoni a la part interior de la cortina separadora de l’Arca del Testimoni, i la cortina separadora dividirà per tu entre el Sant i el Sant de Sants.» (Xemot, Èxode, 26:33).

El Ramban explica que aquest ordre en particular, penjar la cortina i després portar l’arca, no s’ha de prendre de forma literal, perquè s’està referint a la «realització» del Mixcan, del Tabernacle, i no a la seva «erecció». De mal mateixa manera, quan s’instrueix a Moisès per tal que posi «la tapa sobre l’arca del Testimoni al lloc més sagrat» (vers 34), no vol dir que només s’ha de col·locar la tapa a sobre l’Arca un cop aquesta s’ha portat a dins del lloc més sagrat, i s’ha cobert amb la cortina.

La intenció és informar a Moisès que pengi la cortina per tal que l’arca quedi allà, darrere el vel, i que el vel separi això «entre el lloc sant i el lloc més sant». I que la tapa, amb els querubins sobre l’arca, ha d’estar dins el Sant de Sants, darrere del vel (R. M. ben Nachman, Commentary to the Torah: Xemot, traduït i comentat per Charles b Chavel, p. 469).

Això canviarà quan el Sant, beneït sigui, ordeni a Moisès que construeixi físicament el Mixcan: «I tu posaràs a dins l’Arca del Testimoni», i després «tu cobriràs l’arca amb el vel» (Xemot, 40:3). I així ho farà: «i va posar la tapa de l’arca sobre l’arca. I va portar l’arca a dins del Tabernacle, i va posar el vel de separació» (Xemot 40:20-21).

És a dir, que el Sant, beneït sigui, està dient a Moisès la forma que tindrà el Mixcan, i no pas l’ordre de construcció. Estem parlant del concepte, no de l’execució. I el concepte del Mixcan, del primer lloc des d’on el Sant parlarà entre els querubim, cal explicar-lo bé. I un cop s’entén aquest concepte i estiguem situats, podrem posar la resta del mobiliari: «la taula fora de la separació, i la menorà a l’altra banda de la taula, a la part sud del Mixcàn, i posaràs la taula a la part nord.» (Xemot, èxode, 26:35).

I per què, aquesta disposició? El Mestre Sforno ens ho diu: estan allà per honor a Qui seu al tron. La menorà està a la dreta i la taula a l’esquerra, ja que està escrit «dies llargs [llarga vida] a la dreta i a l’esquerra riquesa i honor» (Mixleï, Proverbis 3:16 – (Ovadiah ben Jacob Sforno, Commentary on the Torah, traduït i comentat per Rabí Raphael Pelcovitz, p. 429).

Quan estem ben situats i veiem amb claredat tot el que hem de veure, allà on se suposa que ha d’estar, aconseguim una vida bona i llarga.


In the fifth aliah of this week’s parashah, after informing us where to place the ark of the Testimony, the Torah tells us that it will be necessary to make a partition, a “parohet”. And the place where it will go. “And you shall place the dividing curtain beneath the clasps. You shall bring there on the inner side of the dividing curtain the Ark of the Testimony, and the dividing curtain shall separate for you between the Holy and the Holy of Holies.» (Shemot, 26:33).

The Ramban, Rabbi Moses ben Nakhman from Girona, explains that this particular order, hanging the curtain and then carrying the ark, should not be taken literally. Because it is referring to the “making” of the Mishkan, the Tabernacle. Not its “erection”. In the same way, when Moses gets instructions to put “the cover upon the Ark of the Testimony in the most holy place” (verse 34), it does not mean that the cover should be placed on top only when the Ark is inside the holiest place, screened with the veil.

The intention is to inform Moses to hang the curtain so that the ark will be there, behind the veil. And that the veil will divide “between the holy place and the most holy place.” And that the ark-cover, with the cherubim on the ark, must be inside the Holy of Holies, behind the veil (Rabbi Moses ben Nachman, Commentary to the Torah: Shemot, translated and commented on by Charles b Chavel, p. 469).

This will change when the Holy One, blessed, commands Moses to physically build the Mishkan: “And thou shalt put therein the ark of the Testimony”, and then “thou shalt screen the ark with the veil” (Shemot, 40:3). And so he did: “and he put the ark-cover above the ark. And he brought the ark into the Tabernacle», and after that, “he set up the veil of the screen” (Shemot 40: 20-21).

That is, the Holy One, blessed, is telling Moses the shape of the Mixkan, not the order of construction. We are talking about the concept, not the execution. The concept of the Mixkan, the first place from which the Holy One will speak, between the cherubim, must be well explained. Once we understand this concept and we are precisely located on the inside, we can put the rest: “the table on the outer side of the dividing curtain and the menorah opposite the table, on the southern side of the Mishkan, and you shall place the table on the northern side.” (Xemot, exodus, 26:35).

And why this provision? Rabbi Sforno tells us: [the table and the menorah] they are there to honor of the One who sits on the chair. The menorah is on the right and the table on the left. As it says “length of days is in her right and in her left hand are riches and honor” (Proverbs 3:16 – Ovadiah ben Jacob Sforno, Commentary on the Torah, translated and commented on by Rabbi Raphael Pelcovitz, 429).

When we are well situated and we clearly see everything we have to see, placed where it is supposed to be, we get a good, long life. 

Resources

Mourner’s Kaddish (Kaddish Yatom), traditionally said by mourners––that is, those who have lost a parent during the previous eleven months or a child, sibling, or spuce during the last thirty days––and by those observing the anniversary of the death of those close relatives. (In many contemporary communities, the full congregation says it in support of the mourners, and in memory of the six million Jews who perished during the Holocaust, assuming that at least one died on any given day.) The mourners Kaddish omits lines 7 and 8 of the Full Kaddish that asks God to answer our prayers, because presumably, God did not grant the mourner’s prayers that the relative recover and live).
אבל: יִתְגַּדַּל וְיִתְקַדַּשׁ שְׁמֵהּ רַבָּא
[קהל: אמן] בְּעָלְמָא דִּי בְרָא כִרְעוּתֵהּ וְיַמְלִיךְ מַלְכוּתֵהּ בְּחַיֵּיכון וּבְיומֵיכון וּבְחַיֵּי דְכָל בֵּית יִשרָאֵל בַּעֲגָלָא וּבִזְמַן קָרִיב, וְאִמְרוּ אָמֵן: [קהל: אמן] קהל ואבל: יְהֵא שְׁמֵהּ רַבָּא מְבָרַךְ לְעָלַם וּלְעָלְמֵי עָלְמַיָּא אבל: יִתְבָּרַךְ וְיִשְׁתַּבַּח וְיִתְפָּאַר וְיִתְרומַם וְיִתְנַשּא וְיִתְהַדָּר וְיִתְעַלֶּה וְיִתְהַלָּל שְׁמֵהּ דְּקֻדְשָׁא. בְּרִיךְ הוּא. [קהל: בריך הוא:] לְעֵלָּא מִן כָּל בִּרְכָתָא בעשי”ת: לְעֵלָּא לְעֵלָּא מִכָּל וְשִׁירָתָא תֻּשְׁבְּחָתָא וְנֶחֱמָתָא דַּאֲמִירָן בְּעָלְמָא. וְאִמְרוּ אָמֵן: [קהל: אמן] יְהֵא שְׁלָמָא רַבָּא מִן שְׁמַיָּא וְחַיִּים עָלֵינוּ וְעַל כָּל יִשרָאֵל. וְאִמְרוּ אָמֵן: [קהל: אמן] עושה שָׁלום בִּמְרומָיו הוּא יַעֲשה שָׁלום עָלֵינוּ וְעַל כָּל יִשרָאֵל וְאִמְרוּ אָמֵן: [קהל: אמן]

וְזֹ֖את הַתּוֹרָ֑ה אֲשֶׁר־שָׂ֣ם מֹשֶׁ֔ה לִפְנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ תּוֹרָ֥ה צִוָּה־לָ֖נוּ מֹשֶׁ֑ה מוֹרָשָׁ֖ה קְהִלַּ֥ת יַעֲקֹֽב׃ הָאֵל֮ תָּמִ֢ים דַּ֫רְכּ֥וֹ אִמְרַֽת־יְהֹוָ֥ה צְרוּפָ֑ה מָגֵ֥ן ה֝֗וּא לְכֹ֤ל ׀ הַחֹסִ֬ים בּֽוֹ׃

Before reading the Torah:
הַשֵּׁם עִמָּכֶם.
יְבָרֶכְךָ הַשֵּׁם.
 

 .בָּרְכוּ אֶת יְהֹוָה הַמְּבֹרָךְ
.בָּרוּךְ יְהֹוָה הַמְּבֹרָךְ לְעוֹלָם וָעֶד
.בָּרוּךְ יְהֹוָה הַמְּבֹרָךְ לְעוֹלָם וָעֶד

בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה יְהֹוָה, אֱלֹהֵינוּ מֶלֶךְ הָעוֹלָם, אֲשֶׁר בָּחַר בָּנוּ מִכָּל הָעַמִּים וְנָתַן לָנוּ אֶת תּוֹרָתוֹ. בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה יְהֹוָה, נוֹתֵן הַתּוֹרָה:
 אמן.

After reading the Torah:

בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה יְהֹוָה, אֱלֹהֵינוּ מֶלֶךְ הָעוֹלָם, אֲשֶׁר נָתַן לָנוּ אֶת תּוֹרָתוֹ תּוֹרַת אֱמֶת, וְחַיֵּי עוֹלָם נָטַע בְּתוֹכֵנוּ. בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה יְהֹוָה, נוֹתֵן הַתּוֹרָה:
אמן.

Beracha recited before the reading of the Haftara:

Mi Sheberach, the Jewish prayer for healing, is one of the most meaningful prayers in Judaism. It is a public prayer or blessing for an individual or group, most often recited in synagogue when the Torah is being read. 

He who blessed our fathers Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, Moses and Aaron, David and Solomon, may he heal ___ who is ill. May the Holy One, blessed be he, have mercy and speedily restore him to perfect health, both spiritual and physical; and let us say, Amen.

מִי שֶׁבֵּרַךְ אֲבוֹתֵֽינוּ, אַבְרָהָם יִצְחָק וְיַעֲקֹב, משֶׁה וְאַהֲרֹן, דָּוִד וּשְׁלֹמֹה, הוּא יְבָרֵךְ וִירַפֵּא אֶת הַחוֹלֶה ___. הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא יִמָּלֵא רַחֲמִים עָלָיו לְהַחֲלִימוֹ וּלְרַפֹּאתוֹ, לְהַחֲזִיקוֹ וּלְהַחֲיוֹתוֹ, וְיִשְׁלַח לוֹ מְהֵרָה רְפוּאָה שְׁלֵמָה, רְפוּאַת הַנֶּֽפֶשׁ וּרְפוּאַת הַגּוּף; וְנֹאמַר אָמֵן.

Tefilat HaDerech (Hebrew: תפילת הדרך), also known as the Traveler’s Prayer or Wayfarer’s Prayer in English, is a prayer for safe travel recited by Jews when traveling by air, sea, or long car trips. It is recited at the start of every journey, preferably standing, but this is not required. It is frequently inscribed on hamsas, which may also include the Shema or Birkat HaBayit prayer.

In the “Blessing of Thanksgiving” (Birkat HaGomel), persons in four different categories should express gratitude to God for His compassion toward them:
One who has done one of the following: a) traveled across the ocean (by an international flight, etc.); b) traversed the desert; c) recovered from a very serious illness; d) been released from prison.
All other potentially fatal circumstances that one escapes, such as a wall crumbling on him, an ox goring him, thieves, auto accidents, etc., fall under the category of desert.

The reader recites:

בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה ה’ אֱלֹהֵינוּ מֶלֶךְ הָעוֹלָם הַגּוֹמֵל לְחַיָּבִים טוֹבוֹת שֶׁגְּמָלַנִי כָּל טוֹב.

 
The congregations responds:

מִי שֶׁגְמַלְךָ כֹּל טוֹב הוּא יִגְמַלְךָ כֹּל טוֹב סֶלָה.

NameSymbolSephardi
Sof passukב׃‎סוֹף פָּסֽוּק‎
Sof pasuk
Etnachtaב֑‎אַתְנָ֑ח‎
Atnaḥ
Segolב֒‎סְגוֹלְתָּא֒‎
Segolta
Shalsheletב֓‎שַׁלְשֶׁ֓לֶת‎
Šalšeleþ
Zakef katanב֔‎זָקֵף קָט֔וֹן‎
Záqéf Qáţown
Zakef gadolב֕‎זָקֵף גָּד֕וֹל‎
Záqéf Ggádowl
Tifchaב֖‎טַרְחָ֖א‎
Tarḥa
Riviaב֗‎רְבִ֗יע‎
Revia
Zarkaב֮‎זַרְקָא֮‎
Zarqa
Pashtaב֙‎קַדְמָא֙‎
Qadma
Shene pashtinב֨‎ב֙‎תְּרֵ֨י קַדְמִין֙‎
Tere qadmin
Yetivב֚‎יְ֚תִיב‎
Yetiv
Tevirב֛‎תְּבִ֛יר‎
Tviyr
Pazerב֡‎פָּזֶר גָּד֡וֹל‎
Pazer gadol
Qarne farahב֟‎קַרְנֵי פָרָ֟ה‎
Qarne farah
Telisha gedolaב֠‎תִּ֠רְצָה‎
Tirtzah
Gereshב֜‎גְּרִ֜ישׁ‎
Gerish
Gershayimב֞‎שְׁנֵי גְרִישִׁ֞ין‎
Shene gerishin
Munachב׀‎פָּסֵ֣ק׀‎
Paseq
Merchaב֥‎מַאֲרִ֥יךְ‎
Maarich
Munachב֣‎שׁוֹפָר הוֹלֵ֣ךְ‎
Shofar holech
Mahpachב֤‎‏(שׁוֹפָר) מְהֻפָּ֤ךְ‎
(Shofar) mehuppach
Dargaב֧‎דַּרְגָּ֧א‎
Ddarggá
Kadmaב֨‎אַזְלָ֨א or קַדְמָ֨א‎
Azla or Qadma[18]
Telisha ketanaב֩‎תַּלְשָׁא֩‎
Talsha
Mercha kefulaב֦‎תְּרֵי טַעֲמֵ֦י‎
Tere ta’ame
Yerach ben yomoב֪‎יֵרֶח בֶּן יוֹמ֪וֹ‎
Yeraḥ ben yomo

Spanish-Portuguese custom

זַרְקָא֮ מַקַּף־שׁוֹפָר־הוֹלֵ֣ךְ סְגוֹלְתָּא֒ פָּזֵר גָּד֡וֹל תַ֠לְשָׁא תִּ֩ילְשָׁא אַזְלָ֨א גֵּ֜רֵישׁ פָּסֵק  ׀  רָבִ֗יעַ שְׁנֵי־גֵרֵישִׁ֞ין דַּרְגָ֧א תְּבִ֛יר מַאֲרִ֥יךְ טַרְחָ֖א אַתְנָ֑ח שׁוֹפָר־מְהֻפָּ֤ךְ קַדְמָא֙ תְּרֵ֨י־קַדְמִין֙ זָקֵף־קָט֔וֹן זָקֵף־גָּד֕וֹל שַׁלְשֶׁ֓לֶת תְּרֵי־טַעֲמֵ֦י יְ֚תִיב סוֹף־פָּסֽוּק׃

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