Lawyer, feminist organizer, author, legislator, and human-rights advocate

Immunologist, physician-scientist, research director, and educator

Composer, ethnomusicologist, conductor, teacher, and music publisher

Playwright, essayist, folklorist, translator, and women’s advocate

Chief rabbi, scholar, diplomat, translator, and senator

Poet, essayist, translator, and refugee advocate

Painter, printmaker, mentor, and exhibition organizer

Novelist, historian, poet, educator, and religious writer

Hebrew poet, Hebraist, and letter writer

Letter writer, household manager, and merchant-family matriarch

Physician, philosopher, professor, and Jewish apologist

Philosopher, biblical critic, and lens grinder

Rabbi, printer, author, theologian, and diplomat

Poet, salon host, polemicist, musician, and intellectual

Diplomat, merchant, interpreter, broker, and privateer